By
ELLIOTT MINOR, Associated Press Writer
(Published: May 19, 2006)
ALBANY, Ga. (AP) - A stand of American chestnut trees that somehow
escaped a blight that killed off nearly all their kind in the early
1900s has been discovered along a hiking trail not far from President
Franklin D. Roosevelt's Little White House at Warm Springs.
The find has stirred excitement among those working to restore the
American chestnut, and raised hopes that scientists might be able to
use the pollen to breed hardier chestnut trees.
"There's something about this place that has allowed them to
endure the blight," said Nathan Klaus, a biologist with the Georgia
Department of Natural Resources who spotted the trees. "It's either
that these trees are able to resist the blight, which is unlikely, or
Pine Mountain has something unique that is giving these trees
resistance."
Experts say it could be that the chestnuts have less competition
from other trees along the dry, rocky ridge. The fungus that causes
the blight thrives in a moist environment.
The largest of the half-dozen or so trees is about 40 feet tall
and 20 to 30 years old, and is believed to be the southernmost
American chestnut discovered so far that is capable of flowering and
producing nuts.
"This is a terrific find," said David Keehn, president of the
Georgia chapter of the American Chestnut Foundation. "A tree of this
size is one in a million."
The rugged area known as Pine Mountain is at the southern end of
the Appalachians near Warm Springs, where Roosevelt built a home and
sought treatment after he was stricken with polio in 1921.
"FDR may have roasted some chestnuts on his fire for Christmas or
enjoyed their blooms in the spring," Klaus said.
The chestnut foundation may use pollen from the tree in a breeding
program aimed at restoring the population with blight-resistant
trees.
"When the flowers are right, we're going to rush down and
pollinate the flowers, collect the seeds a few weeks later and
collect the nuts," Klaus said. "If we ever find a genetic solution to
the chestnut blight, genes from that tree will find their way into
those trees."
The chestnut foundation has been working for about 15 years to
develop a blight-resistant variety. The goal is to infuse the
American chestnut with the blight-resistant genes of the Chinese
chestnut.
American chestnuts once made up about 25 percent of the forests in
the eastern United States, with an estimated 4 billion trees from
Maine to Mississippi and Florida.
The trees helped satisfy demand for roasted chestnuts, and their
rot-resistant wood was used to make fence posts, utility poles,
barns, homes, furniture and musical instruments.
Then these magnificent hardwoods, which could grow to a height of
100 feet and a diameter of 8 feet or more, were almost entirely wiped
out by a fast-spreading fungus discovered in 1904.
"There are no chestnuts roasting on an open fire, and if they are,
they're Chinese," Keehn said.